In this Post Nta Ugc Net Paper 1 Research Aptitude you can get Complete Syllabus, Study Materials Pdf Notes in Hindi, Mcq Live Mock Test, Previous Year Questions Answer, Most Repeated Questions, 2012 to 2020 All Shift Topics Wise Questions in Hindi English For Nta Ugc Net Paper 1 Research Aptitude.
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Nta Ugc Net Paper 1 Research Aptitude
Syllabus For Nta Ugc Net Paper 1 Research Aptitude
Research: Meaning, Types, and Characteristics, Positivism and Post- positivistic approach to research.
Definition: Research is defined as careful consideration of study regarding a particular concern or problem using scientific methods. According to the American sociologist Earl Robert Babbie, “research is a systematic inquiry to describe, explain, predict, and control the observed phenomenon. It involves inductive and deductive methods.”
Inductive research methods analyze an observed event, while deductive methods verify the observed event. Inductive approaches are associated with qualitative research, and deductive methods are more commonly associated with quantitative analysis.
Research is conducted with a purpose to:
- Identify potential and new customers
- Understand existing customers
- Set pragmatic goals
- Develop productive market strategies
- Address business challenges
- Put together a business expansion plan
- Identify new business opportunities
Characteristics of Research
Keeping this in mind that research in any field of inquiry is undertaken to provide information to support decision-making in its respective area, we summarize some desirable characteristics of research:
- The research should focus on priority problems.
- The research should be systematic. It emphasizes that a researcher should employ a structured procedure.
- The research should be logical. Without manipulating ideas logically, the scientific researcher cannot make much progress in any investigation.
- The research should be reductive. This means that the findings of one researcher should be made available to other researchers to prevent them from repeating the same research.
- The research should be replicable. This asserts that there should be scope to confirm the findings of previous research in a new environment and different settings with a new group of subjects or at a different point in time.
- The research should be generative. This is one of the valuable characteristics of research because answering one question leads to generating many other new questions.
- The research should be action-oriented. In other words, it should be aimed at reaching a solution leading to the implementation of its findings.
- The research should follow an integrated multidisciplinary approach, i.e., research approaches from more than one discipline are needed.
- The research should be participatory, involving all parties concerned (from policymakers down to community members) at all stages of the study.
- The research must be relatively simple, timely, and time-bound, employing a comparatively simple design.
Methods of Research: Experimental, Descriptive, Historical, Qualitative and Quantitative methods.
Basic research: A basic research definition is data collected to enhance knowledge. The main motivation is knowledge expansion. It is non-commercial research that doesn’t facilitate in creating or inventing anything. For example an experiment to determine a simple fact.
Applied research: applied research focuses on analyzing and solving real-life problems. This type refers to the study that helps solve practical problems using scientific methods. Studies play an important role in solving issues that impact the overall well-being of humans. For example: finding a specific cure for a disease.
Qualitative research: qualitative research is a process that is about the inquiry. It helps create an in-depth understanding of problems or issues in their natural settings. This is a non-statistical method. Qualitative research is heavily dependent on the experience of the researchers and the questions used to probe the sample. The sample size is usually restricted to 6-10 people. Open-ended questions are asked in a manner that encourages answers that lead to another question or group of questions. The purpose of asking open-ended questions is to gather as much information as possible from the sample.
The following are the methods used for qualitative research:
- One-to-one interview
- Focus groups
- Ethnographic research
- Content/Text Analysis
- Case study research
Quantitative research: qualitative research is a structured way of collecting data and analyzing it to draw conclusions. Unlike qualitative methods, this method uses a computational and statistical process to collect and analyze data. quantitative data is all about numbers.
Quantitative research involves a larger population — more people means more data. With more data to analyze, you can obtain more accurate results. This method uses closed-ended questions because the researchers are typically looking to gather statistical data.
Online surveys, questionnaires, and polls are preferable data collection tools used in quantitative research. There are various methods of deploying surveys or questionnaires.
- Exploratory: As the name suggests, exploratory research is conducted to explore a group of questions. The answers and analytics may not offer a final conclusion to the perceived problem. It is conducted to handle new problem areas that haven’t been explored before. This exploratory process lays the foundation for more conclusive research and data collection.
- Descriptive: descriptive research focuses on expanding knowledge on current issues through a process of data collection. descriptive studies are used to describe the behavior of a sample population. In a descriptive study, only one variable is required to conduct the study. The three main purposes of descriptive research are describing, explaining, and validating the findings. For example, a study conducted to know if top-level management leaders in the 21st century possess the moral right to receive a huge sum of money from the company profit.
- Explanatory: explanatory research or causal research is conducted to understand the impact of certain changes in existing standard procedures. Conducting experiments is the most popular form of casual research. For example, a study conducted to understand the effect of rebranding on customer loyalty.
Steps of Research.
Research process contains a series of closely related activities which has to carry out by a researcher. Research process requires patients. There is no measure that shows your research is the best. It is an art rather than a science. Following are the main steps in social or business research process.
- Selection of Research Problem
- Extensive Literature Survey
- Making Hypothesis
- Preparing the Research Design
- Sampling
- Data collection
- Data Analysis
- Hypothesis Testing
- Generalization and Interpretation
- Preparation of Report
- Thesis and Article writing: Format and styles of referencing.
There are many different ways of citing resources from your research. The citation style sometimes depends on the academic discipline involved. For example:
- APA (American Psychological Association) is used by Education, Psychology, and Sciences
- MLA (Modern Language Association) style is used by the Humanities
- Chicago/Turabian style is generally used by Business, History, and the Fine Arts
*You will need to consult with your professor to determine what is required in your specific course.
Click the links below to find descriptions of each style along with a sample of major in-text and bibliographic citations, links to books in PittCat, online citation manuals, and other free online resources.
Application of ICT in research.
Research ethics.
- Research ethics provides guidelines for the responsible conduct of research. In addition, it educates and monitors scientists conducting research to ensure a high ethical standard. The following is a general summary of some ethical principles:
- Honesty: Honestly report data, results, methods and procedures, and publication status. Do not fabricate, falsify, or misrepresent data.
- Objectivity: Strive to avoid bias in experimental design, data analysis, data interpretation, peer review, personnel decisions, grant writing, expert testimony, and other aspects of research.
- Integrity: Keep your promises and agreements; act with sincerity; strive for consistency of thought and action.
- Carefulness: Avoid careless errors and negligence; carefully and critically examine your own work and the work of your peers. Keep good records of research activities.
- Openness: Share data, results, ideas, tools, resources. Be open to criticism and new ideas.
- Respect for Intellectual Property: Honor patents, copyrights, and other forms of intellectual property. Do not use unpublished data, methods, or results without permission. Give credit where credit is due. Never plagiarize.
- Confidentiality: Protect confidential communications, such as papers or grants submitted for publication, personnel records, trade or military secrets, and patient records.
- Responsible Publication: Publish in order to advance research and scholarship, not to advance just your own career. Avoid wasteful and duplicative publication.
- Responsible Mentoring: Help to educate, mentor, and advise students. Promote their welfare and allow them to make their own decisions.
- Respect for Colleagues: Respect your colleagues and treat them fairly.
- Social Responsibility: Strive to promote social good and prevent or mitigate social harms through research, public education, and advocacy.
- Non-Discrimination: Avoid discrimination against colleagues or students on the basis of sex, race, ethnicity, or other factors that are not related to their scientific competence and integrity.
- Competence: Maintain and improve your own professional competence and expertise through lifelong education and learning; take steps to promote competence in science as a whole.
- Legality: Know and obey relevant laws and institutional and governmental policies.
- Animal Care: Show proper respect and care for animals when using them in research. Do not conduct unnecessary or poorly designed animal experiments.
- Human Subjects Protection: When conducting research on human subjects, minimize harms and risks and maximize benefits; respect human dignity, privacy, and autonomy.
Nta Ugc Net Paper 1 Research Aptitude Study Material
Nta Ugc Net Paper 1 Research Aptitude Pdf Study Notes in Hindi – Topic #1
Topic #2 –Meaning And Types of Research Variables
Nta Ugc Net Paper 1 Research Aptitude Pdf Study Notes in Hindi – Topic #2
Nta Ugc Net Paper 1 Research Aptitude Pdf Study Notes in Hindi – Topic #3
Topic #4 – Types of Sampling In Research
Nta Ugc Net Paper 1 Research Aptitude Pdf Study Notes in Hindi – Topic #4
Topic #5 – Meaning And Types Of Research Hypothesis
Nta Ugc Net Paper 1 Research Aptitude Pdf Study Notes in Hindi – Topic #5
Topic #6- Research Paper, Workshop
Nta Ugc Net Paper 1 Research Aptitude Pdf Study Notes in Hindi – Topic #6
Topic #7 – Research ethics, Data Collection
Nta Ugc Net Paper 1 Research Aptitude Pdf Study Notes in Hindi – Topic #7
Topic #8 – Measurement Scale In Hindi
Nta Ugc Net Paper 1 Research Aptitude Pdf Study Notes in Hindi – Topic #8
Topic #9 – Attitudinal Scale In Research
Nta Ugc Net Paper 1 Research Aptitude Pdf Study Notes in Hindi – Topic #9
Topic #10- Format and Styles of Referencing
Nta Ugc Net Paper 1 Research Aptitude Pdf Study Notes in Hindi – Topic #10
Topic #11- Positivism and Post- positivistic approach to research
Nta Ugc Net Paper 1 Research Aptitude Pdf Study Notes in Hindi – Topic #11
Topic #12-Application Of ICT in Research
Nta Ugc Net Paper 1 Research Aptitude Pdf Study Notes in Hindi – Topic #12
Topic #13-T Test, F Test, Z Test
Nta Ugc Net Paper 1 Research Aptitude Pdf Study Notes in Hindi – Topic #13
Nta Ugc Net Paper 1 Research Aptitude Books
NTA UGC NET/SET/JRF : Teaching & Research Aptitude Paper 1|Fourth Edition|BY Pearson Paperback – 15 March 2020. Ugc Net की तैयारी के लिए KVS Madan की book बहुत popular है. ये दोनों book भी अच्छी है. आप पेपर 1 की तैयारी के लिए इसको खरीद सकते है.
NTA UGC NET/SET/JRF : Teaching & Research Aptitude Paper 1|Fourth Edition|BY Pearson Paperback – 15 March 2020
Ugc Net की तैयारी के लिए KVS Madan की book बहुत popular है. ये दोनों book भी अच्छी है. आप पेपर 1 की तैयारी के लिए इसको खरीद सकते है.
NTA UGC NET/SET/JRF: Sikshan Evam Shodh Abhiyogyata| Samanya Paper 1 |Third Edition | By Pearson (Hindi) Paperback – 13 March 2020
Nta Ugc Net Paper 1 Research Aptitude Previous Questions
Nta Ugc Net Paper 1 Research Aptitude Most Repeated Questions-Topics Wise
Meaning And Methods of Research: Experimental, Descriptive, Historical, Qualitative and Quantitative methods
Q-1 In which of the following methods of research the independent variable has to be selected rather than manipulated?
Options:-
- Descriptive survey method
- Experimental method
- Ex post facto method
- Exegetic research
[bg_collapse view=”button-orange” color=”#4a4949″ expand_text=”Show More” collapse_text=”Show Less” ]Ans: 3[/bg_collapse]
2. A researcher intends to explore the effect of possible factors for the organization of effective mid-day meal interventions. Which research method will be most appropriate for this study ?
- Historical method
- Descriptive survey method
- Experimental method
- Ex-post-facto method
3. Which of the following statements regarding the meaning of research are correct ?
- Research refers to a series of systematic activities or activities undertaken to find out the solution of a problem.
- It is a systematic, logical and an unbiased process wherein verification of hypothesis, data analysis, interpretation and formation of principles can be done.
- It is an intellectual enquiry or quest towards truth.
- It leads to enhancement of knowledge
- (a), (b) and (c)
- (b), (c) and (d)
- (a), (c) and (d)
- (a), (b), (c) and (d)
[bg_collapse view=”button-orange” color=”#4a4949″ expand_text=”Show More” collapse_text=”Show Less” ]Answer:(4)[/bg_collapse]
Meaning And Types of Research Variables
Q-12. For which type of research, the action words – ‘Control, manipulate and observe’ are most relevant?
Options:-
- Action research
- Historical Research
- Experimental research
- Grounded theory approach based research
[bg_collapse view=”button-orange” color=”#4a4949″ expand_text=”Show More” collapse_text=”Show Less” ]Ans:3[/bg_collapse]
Q-14. Which of the following implies the correct sequence in an action research paradigm?
Options:-
- Act, reflect, plan and observe
- Reflect, act, observe and plan
- Observe, reflect, plan and act
- Plan, act, observe and reflect
[bg_collapse view=”button-orange” color=”#4a4949″ expand_text=”Show More” collapse_text=”Show Less” ]Ans:4[/bg_collapse]
- Participation in which type of research has the great potential for ensuring the improvement of the professional as well as work situation?
- Fundamental research
- Applied research
- Evaluative research
- Action research
[bg_collapse view=”button-orange” color=”#4a4949″ expand_text=”Show More” collapse_text=”Show Less” ]Ans. D[/bg_collapse]
Q28. A college teacher plans a research programme in which he/she intends to improve the socio-emotional aspect of his/her classroom climate during teaching which one of the following research methods will be considered appropriate in this context?
- Experimental method
- Descriptive method
- Historical method
- Action research method
[bg_collapse view=”button-orange” color=”#4a4949″ expand_text=”Show More” collapse_text=”Show Less” ]Ans:4[/bg_collapse]
Steps Of Research
Types of Sampling In Research In Hindi
Q.20 Identify the non probability sampling producere from the following.
(A) Simple random sampling
(B) Quota sampling
(C) Cluster sampling
(D) Snowball sampling
(E) Dimensional sampling
Choose the correct answer from the options given below :
(1) (A) (B) and (C) only
(2) (B) (C) and (D) only
(3) (B) (D) and (E) only
(4) (C) (D) and (E) only
[bg_collapse view=”button-orange” color=”#4a4949″ expand_text=”Show More” collapse_text=”Show Less” ]Ans:3[/bg_collapse]
Q.17 Identifying sampling producers in which units are chosen giving an equal and independent chance
- Quota sampling procedure
- Stratified sampling procedure
- Dimensional sampling procedure
- Random sampling procedure
- Systeminc sampling procedure
Choose the correct answer from the options given below
- A, B and C only
- B, C and D only
- C, D and E only
- B, D and E only
[bg_collapse view=”button-orange” color=”#4a4949″ expand_text=”Show More” collapse_text=”Show Less” ]Ans:4[/bg_collapse]
Q.16 In which of the sampling methods, units comprising its constituents are groups taken intact rather than individually?
- Cluster sampling
- Simple random sampling
- Systematic sampling method
- Dimensional method
[bg_collapse view=”button-orange” color=”#4a4949″ expand_text=”Show More” collapse_text=”Show Less” ]Ans:1[/bg_collapse]
Meaning And Types Of Research Hypothesis in Hindi
(8). In which of the following sampling methods employed in research. the units comprising the sample are given equal and independent chance?
- Stage sampling
- Cluster sampling
- Dimensional sampling
- Snowball sampling
[bg_collapse view=”button-orange” color=”#4a4949″ expand_text=”Show More” collapse_text=”Show Less” ]Ans: 2[/bg_collapse]
- Snowball sampling is the process of selecting a sample using
- Networks
- Groups
- Snowballs
- Computer programs
[bg_collapse view=”button-orange” color=”#4a4949″ expand_text=”Show More” collapse_text=”Show Less” ]Ans:A[/bg_collapse]
- In case the population of research is heterogeneous in nature which of the following sampling techniques will ensure optimum representativeness of sample units?
(1) Simple random sampling
(2) Stratified random sampling
(3) Cluster sampling
(4) Systematic sampling
[bg_collapse view=”button-orange” color=”#4a4949″ expand_text=”Show More” collapse_text=”Show Less” ]Ans. 2[/bg_collapse]
Research Paper, Workshop
- Conferences are meant for
- Multiple target groups
- Group discussions
- Show-casing new Research
- All the above
[bg_collapse view=”button-orange” color=”#4a4949″ expand_text=”Show More” collapse_text=”Show Less” ]Answer:(C)[/bg_collapse]
- In which of the following arrangements a wider spectrum of ideas and issues may be made possible ?
- Rts Article
- Workshop mode
- Conference
- Symposium
[bg_collapse view=”button-orange” color=”#4a4949″ expand_text=”Show More” collapse_text=”Show Less” ]Answer:(3)[/bg_collapse]
(7). In which of the following formats. Research Abstract is a must?
(a) Research article
(b) Seminar paper presented
(c) Thesis
(d) Research synopsis
Choose the most appropriate option from those given below:
- (a), (c) and (d)
- (a), (b) and (c)
- (a), (b) and (d)
- (b), (c) and (d)
[bg_collapse view=”button-orange” color=”#4a4949″ expand_text=”Show More” collapse_text=”Show Less” ]Ans: 3[/bg_collapse]
Research ethics, Data Collection
Q-2 ‘Research ethics’ is of critical importance in which of the following areas? Select your answer from the code given below:
- Data collecting
- Preparing a seminar paper
- Data analysis
- Participation in a conference
- Writing a thesis/dissertation
- Selecting a research problem
Options:-
(a) (1),(2) and (3)
(b) (1),(3) and (5)
(c) (4),(5) and (6)
(d) (1),(2) and (5)
[bg_collapse view=”button-orange” color=”#4a4949″ expand_text=”Show More” collapse_text=”Show Less” ]Ans:4[/bg_collapse]
(9). The issue of research ethics becomes relevant in which of the following stages of research?
- Problem selection
- Hypothesis formulation
- Hypothesis testing
- Data analysis and interpretation
- Defining of research population
Select correct answer from the following options :
- a और b
- c और d
- b और e
- c और e
[bg_collapse view=”button-orange” color=”#4a4949″ expand_text=”Show More” collapse_text=”Show Less” ]उत्तर 2[/bg_collapse]
Q9. Which of the following steps in research are least vulnerable to research ethics?
- Identifying the research variables
- Defining the research variables
- Data collection procedure
- Data analysis procedure
- Reporting research outcomes
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
- A and B only
- B and C only
- C and D only
- D and E only
[bg_collapse view=”button-orange” color=”#4a4949″ expand_text=”Show More” collapse_text=”Show Less” ]Ans:1[/bg_collapse]
Measurement Scale
Q.7 Using an appropriate parametric test in a research project, the researcher finds evidence to reject the null hypothesis. In doing so, which type of error is likely
- Alpha error
- Beta error
- Both alpha and beta errors
- Neither alpha nor beta error
[bg_collapse view=”button-orange” color=”#4a4949″ expand_text=”Show More” collapse_text=”Show Less” ]Ans:1[/bg_collapse]
- During research, while recording observation if an observer rates an individual based on the rating given in another aspect of the interaction, this is termed as the:
- Evaluation effect
- Error of central tendency
- Halo effect
- Categorical effect
[bg_collapse view=”button-orange” color=”#4a4949″ expand_text=”Show More” collapse_text=”Show Less” ]Ans. C[/bg_collapse]
Q.15 Given below are two statements
Statement I : In research, ‘Null hypothesis’ when rejected, offers the scope for accepting the alternative or substantive research hypothesis.
Statement II : When the null hypothesis is rejected. There will be chances for commiting ‘Beta’ rather than ‘alpha’ error.
In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below
(1) Both statement I and Statement II are correct
(2) Both statement I and Statement II are incorrect
(3) Statement I is correct but statement II is incorrect
(4) Statement I is incorrect but statement II is correct
[bg_collapse view=”button-orange” color=”#4a4949″ expand_text=”Show More” collapse_text=”Show Less” ]Ans:3[/bg_collapse]
Attitudinal Scale In Research
Format and Styles of Referencing
Positivism and Post- positivistic approach to research
Q.8 Application of ICT in research is relevant in which of the following stages?
- i) survey of related studies
- ii) Data collection in the field
iii) Data analysis
- iv) Writing the thesis
- v) Indexing the references
Choose the most appropriate from the options given below :
- (ii), (iv) और (v)
- (i), (iii) और (v)
- (i), (ii) और (iv)
- (ii), (ii) और (iv)
[bg_collapse view=”button-orange” color=”#4a4949″ expand_text=”Show More” collapse_text=”Show Less” ]उत्तर:2[/bg_collapse]
Q.10 Inappropriate application of ICT in research is an example of :
- Technical lapse on the part of the researcher
- Inadequate provision of ICT resources
- Violation of research ethics
- Absence of technical expertise of ICT resources
[bg_collapse view=”button-orange” color=”#4a4949″ expand_text=”Show More” collapse_text=”Show Less” ]Ans:4[/bg_collapse]
Q.10 ICT application in research is most useful for which of the following reasons?
- For reducing the cost of research
- For academic establishment
- For enhancing scope of accessibility of research data
- For promoting dialogic interactions
[bg_collapse view=”button-orange” color=”#4a4949″ expand_text=”Show More” collapse_text=”Show Less” ]Ans:3[/bg_collapse]
Application Of ICT in Research
T Test, F Test, Z Test